نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری مدیریت صنعتی ، گرایش تولید و عملیات، دانشکده مدیریت و حسابداری، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی

2 دانشیار مدیریت صنایع دانشکده مدیریت و حسابداری دانشگاه شهید بهشتی

3 استاد مدیریت صنایع دانشکده مدیریت و حسابداری، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران

4 استاد مدیریت صنایع دانشکده مدیریت و حسابداری دانشگاه شهید بهشتی

چکیده

طی دو دهه اخیر، پیچیدگی محیط کسب و کار، پویایی، عدم اطمینان و نوسانات محیطی بالاتر، مفاهیمی همچون جهانی شدن و رقابت فزاینده باعث تغییرات بسیاری در معادلات حاکم بر زنجیره تامین صنایع شده است. در ﭼﻨﻴﻦ ﺷﺮاﻳﻄﻲ ﻛﺴﺐ وﻛﺎرﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺮای مواجهه ﺑﺎ ﺟﺮﻳﺎن ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺘﻪ ای از ﭼﺎﻟﺶ ﻫﺎ از قبیل ﺑﺤﺮانهای اﻗﺘﺼﺎدی، تحریم ها، ﻧﻮﺳﺎﻧﺎت ﻧﺮخ ارز و ﻗﻴﻤﺖ ﻫﺎ، ﻣﺤﺪودﻳﺖ ﻫﺎی ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺗﻮﻟﻴﺪی و ﻳﺎ ﺑﻼﻳﺎی ﻃﺒﻴﻌﻲ ﺧﻮد را آﻣﺎده ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪ. "تاب آوری" یکی از راهبردهای مقابله با چنین چالش هایی است. پـژوهش حاضر قصد دارد، با توجه به جایگاه استراتژیک صنعت داروسازی بعنوان بخشی از سیستم سلامت جامعه،الگوی زنجیره تامین تاب آور را در این بخش ارائه دهد. به این منظور ضمن تعمق در ادبیات موضوع ، مصاحبه با خبرگان و بهره گیری از روش دلفی، مولفه ها و شاخصهای تاب آوری زنجیره تامین شناسایی و استخراج گردید. در این راستا پرسشنامه ای طراحی و در اختیار جامعه آماری صنعت دارو قرار گرفت. نتایج با استفاده از تکنیک مدلسازی ساختاری و نرم افزار لیزرل، تجزیه و تحلیل شده و با تبیین ارتباطات بین عوامل، الگوی پیشنهادی پژوهش تایید شد. این الگو روابط بین مولفه هایی نظیر محرکها، آسیب پذیریها، قابلیت ها و توانمند سازهای زنجیره تامین و تاثیر آنها بر یکدیگر را مورد مطالعه قرار داده است. نتایج نشان میدهد؛مدیران صنایع داروسازی میتوانند از طریق ایجاد یا بهره گیری از قابلیت ها و تقویت توانمند سازها، ضمن کاهش عواملی که شرکتها را مستعد اختلال می نمایند، تاب آوری لازم در مواجهه با آنها را کسب نمایند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Resilient Supply Chain Model in Iran Pharmaceutical Industries

نویسندگان [English]

  • Abdolreza Sedighpour 1
  • Mostafa Zandieh 2
  • Akbar Alem Tabriz 3
  • behroz dori 4

1 Ph.D candidate of shahid beheshti university, faculty of managment, tehran,Iran

2 professor, fuaculty of management , shahid beheshti university

3 Department of Management and Accounting, Shahid Beheshti University Tehran, Iran

4

چکیده [English]

Within two recent decades, the complexity of business environment, dynamics, uncertainty and higher environmental fluctuations, concepts such as globalization and increasing competition made many changes in the equations ruling on the industries supply chain. In such conditions, the businesses must make themselves ready for encountering the continuous flow of challenges such as economic crises, sanctions, exchange rate and prices fluctuations, limitations of manufacturing system or natural disasters. “Resiliency” is one of strategies for dealing with such challenges. The present study aims to review the systematic studies based on the strategic position of pharmaceutical industry as a part of society’s health system and present here the resilient supply chain model. For this purpose, in addition to contemplating in the literature review, interview to the experts and using Delphi method, the resilient elements and indices of supply chain were identified and extracted, and a questionnaire was designed and provided to the population of pharmaceutical industry. The results were analyzed using structural Equations modeling technique and Lisrel software, and the proposed model of research was accepted upon explaining the associations between factors. This model studied the relationship between elements such as drivers, vulnerabilities, capabilities and empowerments of supply chain and their effect on each other. Summary of study indicates that the managers of pharmaceutical industries through making or using the capabilities and strengthening the empowerments can reduce the factors that make the companies susceptible for the disruption, and achieve the required resiliency to deal with them.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Supply Chain Resiliency
  • Disruption
  • Vulnerability
  • Capability
  • Empowerment
هومن،حیدرعلی.(1388).مدل یابی معادلات ساختاری با کاربرد نرم افزار لیزرل، انتشارات سمت،52-32.
2- فکور ثقیه امیرمحمد، الفت لعیا، فیضی کامران، امیری مقصود، مدلی برای قابلیت ارتجاعی زنجیره تامین جهت رقابت پذیری شرکتهای خودروسازی ایران،مدیریت تولید و عملیات،1393 .
3-جعفرنژاد، احمد،هاشمی ،سیدحمید،طلایی،حمیدرضا،1393، رویکردهای نوین درمدیریت زنجیره تامین،تهران، نشر نگاه دانش
 
Ates, Aylin., & Bititci, Umit.(2011)."Change process: a key enabler forbuilding resilient SMEs".International Journal of ProductionResearch, 49(18), 5601–5618.
Azevedo, S.G., Carvalho, H., Cruz-Machado, V., & Grilo, F. (2010). The Influence of agile and resilience practices on supply chain performance: an innovative conceptual model proposal. IN. Innovative Process Optimization Methods in Logistic, 265-281
Bhamra, Ran., Dani, Samir.,& Burnard, Kevin.(2011)."Resilience: the concept, a literature review and future directions". International Journal of Production Research, 49(18),5375–5393
Burnard, Kevin., & Bhamra, Ran.(2011)."Organisational resilience: developmentof a conceptual framework for organisational responses". International Journal of Production Research, 49(18), 5581–5599
Barroso, A., H. Machado, R. Barros, & V. Cruz-Machado. (2010). Toward a Resilient Supply Chain with Supply Disturbances. In Proceedings of the 2010 IEEE International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management, Macau, China. 245–249
Blackhurst, J., Dunn, J., & Craighead, C., (2011). An empirically derived framework of global supply resiliency. Journal of Business Logistic. 32(4), 374– 391
Brandon-Jones, E., Squire, B., Autry, C.W., & Petersen, K.J., (2014). A contingentresource-based perspective of supply chain resilience and robustness. Journal of Supply Chain Management. 50(3), 55–73
Christopher,M., & Lee,H.(2004)."Mitigating supply chain risk through improved confidence".International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management, 34 (5), 388-96
Christopher, M.,& Peck, H.(2004). "Building the resilient supply chain."International Journal of Logistics Management, 15(2), 113.
Chowdhury, M.H., & Quaddus, M.A., (2015). A multiple objective optimization based QFD approach for efficient resilient strategies to mitigate supply chain vulnerabilities: the case of garment industry of Bangladesh. Omega, 03050483
Chopra, S. and Sodhi, M.S. (2004), “Managing risk to avoid supply-chain breakdown”, Sloan Management Review, Vol. 46 No. 1, pp. 53-61
Christopher, M., D. Towill. (2001). An integrated model for the design of agile supply chains. International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management 31(4): 235 – 24
Hall, A., Beck, E.,& Hall ,L.(2011)."Developing a capacity for organizational resilience through strategic human resource management". Human Resource Management Review ,21, 243– 255.
Hamel, G. and Välikangas, L. ,(2003)., “The quest for resilience”, Harvard Business Review, 81 (9), 52-63
Ivanov, Dmitry, and Boris Sokolov, (2013). "Control and system-theoretic identification of the supply chain dynamics domain for planning, analysis and adaptation of performance under uncertainty".European Journal of Operational Research 224(2),313-323.
Juttner,U. and S.Maklan.(2011). Supply chain resilience in the global financial crisis: an empirical study. Supply Chain Management: an International Journal 16(4): 246–259.
Mills, John, Johannes Schmitz, and Gerry Frizell2004e. "A strategic review of “supply networks " .International Journal of Operations & Production Management24 (10),1012 -1036.
Mentzer, John T., William DeWitt, James S. Keebler, Soonhong Min, Nancy W. Nix, Carlo D. Smith, and Zach G. Zacharia. "Defining supply chain management ". Journal of Business logistics 22 (2), 1 -25, 2001.
Melnyk, S.A., Closs, D.J., Griffis, S.E., Zobel, C.W., & Macdonald, J.R., (2014). Understanding supply chain resilience. Supply Chain Management Review, 18 (1), 34–41.
Mandal, Santanu, 2014. "Supply chain resilience: a state-of-the-art review and research directions".International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment 5(4),427-453
Mensah, Peter, and Yuri Merkuryev, (2014). "Developing a Resilient Supply Chain". ProcediaSocial and Behavioral Sciences 110, 309-319.
Ponomarov, Serhiy Y., and Mary C. Holcomb,( 2009). "Understanding the concept of supply chain resilience ". The International Journal of Logistics Management 20(1),124 -143.
Pettit, Timothy J., Joseph Fiksel and Keely L. Croxton.(2008). "Ensuring supply chain resilience: Development of a conceptual framework". Journal of Business Logistics, conditionally accepted.65-117.
Pettit, T., Fiksel, J., and Croxton, K. (2010). “Ensuring Supply Chain Resilience: Development of a Conceptual Framework.” Journal of Business Logistics, 31 (1), pp. 1-21
Pettit, T.J., Croxton, K.L., and Fiksel, J. (2013). “Ensuring Supply Chain Resilience: Development and Implementation of an Assessment Tool”, Journal of Business Logistics, 34 (1), pp. 46–76
Pfohl, Hans-Christian, Holger Köhler, and David Thomas,( 2010). "State of the art in supply chain risk management research: empirical and conceptual findings and a roadmap for the implementation in practice".Logistics Research 2(1), 33-44
Pregenzer A. (2011). Systems resilience: a new analytical framework for nuclear nonproliferation. Albuquerque, NM: Sandia National Laboratories.
Ritchie, Bob, and Clare Brindley(2007). "Supply chain risk management and performance: A guiding framework for future development".International Journal of Operations & Production Management 27(3),303-322,.
R. Rajesh, V. Ravi (2015). Modeling enablers of supply chain risk mitigation in electronic supply chains: A Grey–DEMATEL approach, Department of Humanities, Indian Institute of Space Science and Technology, Valiamala P.O., Thiruvananthapuram 695 547, India.
Sawik T. (2013). Selection of resilient supply portfolio under disruption risks. Omega, 41, 259–69.
Soni, Umang, Vipul Jain, and Sameer Kumar(2014). "Measuring supply chain resilience using adeterministic modeling approach".Computers &Industrial Engineering74,11-25,.
Sheffi, Yossi. (2005). The resilient enterprise: Overcoming vulnerability for competitive advantage. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. 42-65.
Santanu Mandal , (2014),"Supply chain resilience: a state-of-the-art review & research directions", International Journal of Disaster Resilience in the Built Environment, Vol. 5 Iss 4 pp.
Tang, C. (2006). Robust Strategies for Mitigating Supply Chain Disruptions. International Journal of Logistics, 9(1), 33–45
Tveiten, Camilla. K., et al.(2012)."Building resilience into emergency management".Safety Science ,50 ,1960– 1966. Supply Chain Management: an International Journal 16(4): 246–259
Waters, Donald, (2011). "Supply chain risk management: vulnerability and resilience in logistics". Kogan Page Publishers.
Wieland, A., & Wallenburg, C.M., (2013). The influence of relational competencies on supply chain resilience: a relational view. International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistic Management, 43(4), 300–320.
Wu, T., Huang S.M., Blackhurst, J., Zhang, X.L. and Wang, S.S(2013)., “Supply chain risk management: an agent-based simulation to study the impact of retail stockouts”, IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management, 60 (4), 676-686,
. Wright, J. (2013). “Taking a Broader View of Supply Chain Resilience”, Supply Chain Management Review, Volume 17 Issue 2, pp. 26-31
Zsidisin, G.A. and Wagner, S.M(2010)., “Do perceptions become reality? The moderating role of supply chain resiliency on disruption occurrence”, Journal of Business Logistics, 31 (2), 1-20,