Document Type : Research Paper
Authors
Abstract
Analyzing corporate social responsibility (CSR) is a multi-criteria problem. This paper firstly introduces gray relation and entropy weighting methods in order to find a solution to analyze and rank corporations from this point of view. The proposed technique that conducted through combining these two methods, will become more reliable decision making criterion. Furthermore, since in literature there are different dimensions suggested for CSR, entropy method is used to determine the relative importance of each dimension. Awareness-raising questionnaire prepared by the social responsibility unit of European Commission was used to measure corporate responsibility. By applying these methods, 10 active pharmaceutical material and products manufacturing corporations were investigated and in terms of paying attention to social responsibilities, Pars Daro corporation placed first. This technique not only helps corporations to diagnose their weaknesses and strengths, but also helps them to know their position against competitors and make better decisions to promote corporate rank in social responsibility.
Keywords
منابع
دارائی. محمدرضا، پارساعمل. الهه ) 5965 (، بررسی تااثیر فرهناگ ساازمانی بار مسائولیت
، اجتماعی در شارکت خودروساازی ساایپا، فصالنامه مادیریت دولتای ، ساال پانجم، شاماره 4
- . زمستان 65 ، صص 551 515
صنوبر. ناصر، حیدریان. بهنام ) 5965 (، شناسایی و اولویتبندی عوامل موثر بار مسائولیت -
، پذیری اجتماعی شرکتها در ایران، دوفصلنامه جامعاه شناسای اقتصاادی و توساعه ، شاماره 4
- . بهار و تابستان 5965 ، صص 36 45
صنوبر. ناصر، خلیلی. مجید، ثقفیان. حامد ) 5936 (، بررسی رابطاه ی باین مسائولیت پاذیری
اجتماعی با عملکرد مالی شرکتها، فصلنامه علمی پژوهشی کاوشهای مادیریت بازرگاانی ، -
- . سال دوم، شماره 4، پاییز و زمستان 5936 ، صص 15 53
عرب صالحی. مهادی، صا ادقی. غا زل، معاین الادین. محماود ) 5965 (، رابطاه ی مسائولیت
اجتماعی با عملکرد مالی شرکتهاای پذیرفتاه شاده در باورس اوراق بهاادار تهاران، فصالنامه
- . پژوهشهای تجربی حسابداری، سال سوم، شماره 6، پاییز 5965 ، صص 51 5
محمدی. علی، دستیار. هانیه ) 5965 (، ارزیابی کارایی شرکتهای داروساازی و رتباه بنادی
آنها با استفاده از رویکرد تحلیل پنجاره ای دادههاا، فصالنامه حساابداری سالامت ، ساال دوم،
- . شماره 9، پاییز 5965 ، صص 96 59
منصوری. علی، باقری. اعظام ) 5964 (، ارزیاابی عملکارد ماالی و رتباه بنادی شارکت هاای
دارویی پذیرفته شده در بورس اوراق بهادار تهران با استفاده از الگوی ترکیبای فرآیناد تحلیال
، سلسله مراتبی فازی و ویکور، فصلنامه حسابداری سلامت، سال چهارم، شماره 9، پااییز 5964
- . صص 514 39
Agle, B. R., Mitchell, R. K., & Sonnenfeld, J. A. (1999). Who Matters to Ceos? An Investigation of Stakeholder Attributes and Salience, Corpate Performance, and Ceo Values. Academy of Management Journal, 42(5), 507-525. doi: 10.2307/256973
Aguinis, H. (2011). Organizational responsibility: Doing good and doing well. In S. Zedeck (Ed.), APA handbook of industrial and
41 مطالعات مدیریت صنعتی – سال پانزدهم، شماره 44 ، بهار 69
organizational psychology (Vol. 3): 855-879. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
Aguinis, H., & Glavas, A. (2012). What we know and don’t know about corporate social responsibility a review and research agenda. Journal of Management, 38(4), 932-968.
Carroll, A. B. (1979). A Three-Dimensional Conceptual Model of Corporate Performance. Academy of management review, 4(4), 497-505. doi: 10.5465/amr.1979.4498296
Chang, T. C., & Lin, S. J. (1999). Grey relation analysis of carbon dioxide emissions from industrial production and energy uses in Taiwan. Journal of Environmental Management, 56(4), 247-257. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jema.1999.0288
Chen, Y.-R. R., & Hung-Baesecke, C.-J. F. (2014). Examining the Internal Aspect of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR): Leader Behavior and Employee CSR Participation. Communication Research Reports, 31(2), 210-220. doi: 10.1080/08824096.2014.907148
Choo, E. U., & Wedley, W. C. (1985). Optimal criterion weights in repetitive multicriteria decision-making. Journal of the Operational Research Society, 983-992.
Chung Wang, C., Lin, T. W., & Hu, S. S. (2007). Optimizing the rapid prototyping process by integrating the Taguchi method with the Gray relational analysis. Rapid Prototyping Journal, 13(5), 304-315. doi: doi:10.1108/13552540710824814
Clarkson, M. E. (1995). A Stakeholder Framework for Analyzing and Evaluating Corporate Social Performance. Academy of management review, 20(1), 92-117. doi: 10.5465/amr.1995.9503271994
Dahlsrud, A. (2008). How corporate social responsibility is defined: an analysis of 37 definitions. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, 15(1), 1-13. doi: 10.1002/csr.132
Deng, H., Yeh, C.-H., & Willis, R. J. (2000). Inter-company comparison using modified TOPSIS with objective weights. Computers & Operations Research, 27(10), 963-973. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0305-0548(99)00069-6
Deng, J. L. (1982). Control problems of grey systems. Systems and Controls Letters, 5, 288-294.
Deng, J. L. (1989). Introduction to Grey system theory. J. Grey Syst., 1(1), 1-24.
کاربرد روشهای تحلیل رابطه خاکستری و آنتروپی در رتبهبندی ... 56
Freeman, R. E. (1984). Strategic Management: a Stakeholder Perspective: Pitman Publishing Inc, Boston.
Fu, H., Ye, B. H., & Law, R. (2014). You do well and I do well? The behavioral consequences of corporate social responsibility. International Journal of hospitality management, 40, 62-70.
Galbreath, J., & Shum, P. (2012). Do customer satisfaction and reputation mediate the CSR–FP link? Evidence from Australia. Australian Journal of Management, 37(2), 211-229. doi: 10.1177/0312896211432941
Guo, R.-K. (2005). Repairable system modeling via grey differential equations. Journal of Grey System, 8(1), 69-91.
Hartmann, P., & Apaolaza-Ibáñez, V. (2009). Green advertising revisited: Conditioning virtual nature experiences. International Journal of Advertising, 28(4), 715-739.
Himes, A. H. (2007). Performance Indicator Importance in MPA Management Using a Multi-Criteria Approach. Coastal Management, 35(5), 601-618. doi: 10.1080/08920750701593436
Hsu, L.-C., Ou, S.-L., & Ou, Y.-C. (2014). A Comprehensive performance evaluation and ranking methodology under a sustainable development perspective. Journal of Business Economics and Management, 16(1), 74-92. doi: 10.3846/16111699.2013.848228
Hwang, C. L., & Lin, M. J. (1987). Group Decision Making under Multiple Criteria: Methods and Applications: Springer, Berlin.
Hwang, C. L., & Yoon, K. (1981). Multiple Attribute Decision Making: Methods and Applications: Springer, Berlin.
Inoue, Y., & Lee, S. (2011). Effects of different dimensions of corporate social responsibility on corporate financial performance in tourism-related industries. Tourism Management, 32(4), 790-804. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2010.06.019
Jian, M., & Lee, K.-W. (2015). CEO compensation and corporate social responsibility. Journal of Multinational Financial Management, 29, 46-65.
Kacperczyk, A. (2009). With greater power comes greater responsibility? takeover protection and corporate attention to stakeholders. Strategic Management Journal, 30(3), 261-285. doi: 10.1002/smj.733
45 مطالعات مدیریت صنعتی – سال پانزدهم، شماره 44 ، بهار 69
Ko, E., Hwang, Y. K., & Kim, E. Y. (2013). Green marketing'functions in building corporate image in the retail setting. Journal of Business Research, 66(10), 1709-1715.
Kuo, Y., Yang, T., & Huang, G.-W. (2008). The use of grey relational analysis in solving multiple attribute decision-making problems. Computers & Industrial Engineering, 55(1), 80-93. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cie.2007.12.002
Lai, C.-S., Chiu, C.-J., Yang, C.-F., & Pai, D.-C. (2010). The effects of corporate social responsibility on brand performance: the mediating effect of industrial brand equity and corporate reputation. Journal of Business Ethics, 95(3), 457-469.
Lee, S., Seo, K., & Sharma, A. (2013). Corporate social responsibility and firm performance in the airline industry: The moderating role of oil prices. Tourism Management, 38(0), 20-30. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2013.02.002
Ma, J., Fan, Z.-P., & Huang, L.-H. (1999). A subjective and objective integrated approach to determine attribute weights. European Journal of Operational Research, 112(2), 397-404. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0377-2217(98)00141-6
Martínez, P., & del Bosque, I. R. (2013). CSR and customer loyalty: The roles of trust, customer identification with the company and satisfaction. International Journal of hospitality management, 35, 89-99.
Morán, J., Granada, E., Míguez, J. L., & Porteiro, J. (2006). Use of grey relational analysis to assess and optimize small biomass boilers. Fuel Processing Technology, 87(2), 123-127. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuproc.2005.08.008
Nam, K., & Yeo, J. (2007). A study on the co-orientation of the perception of corporate social responsibility: Centered on the employees and the consumers at the age of twenties and thirties. Journal of Consumer Studies, 18(3), 43-61.
Nejati, M., & Ghasemi, S. (2012). Corporate social responsibility in Iran from the perspective of employees. Social Responsibility Journal, 8(4), 578-588. doi: doi:10.1108/17471111211272552
Öberseder, M., Schlegelmilch, B. B., & Murphy, P. E. (2013). CSR practices and consumer perceptions. Journal of Business Research, 66(10), 1839-1851.
کاربرد روشهای تحلیل رابطه خاکستری و آنتروپی در رتبهبندی ... 55
Onkila, T. (2011). Multiple forms of stakeholder interaction in environmental management: business arguments regarding differences in stakeholder relationships. Business Strategy and the Environment, 20(6), 379-393.
Saeidi, S. P., Sofian, S., Saeidi, P., Saeidi, S. P., & Saaeidi, S. A. (2015). How does corporate social responsibility contribute to firm financial performance? The mediating role of competitive advantage, reputation, and customer satisfaction. Journal of Business Research, 68(2), 341-350. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2014.06.024
Shannon, C., & Weaver, W. (1947). The mathematical theory of communication: Urbana: The University of Illinios Press.
Sun, C. (2014). Combining grey relation analysis and entropy model for evaluating the operational performance: an empirical study. Quality & Quantity, 48(3), 1589-1600. doi: 10.1007/s11135-013-9854-0
Tung, C.-T., & Lee, Y.-J. (2009). A novel approach to construct grey principal component analysis evaluation model. Expert Systems with Applications, 36(3, Part 2), 5916-5920. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2008.07.007
Turker, D. (2009). Measuring Corporate Social Responsibility: A Scale Development Study. Journal of Business Ethics, 85(4), 411-427. doi: 10.1007/s10551-008-9780-6
Tzeng, G.-H., & Huang, J.-J. (2011). Multiple Attribute Decision Making: Methods and applications: Chapman and Hall/CRC, New York.
van Beurden, P., & Gössling, T. (2008). The Worth of Values – A Literature Review on the Relation Between Corporate Social and Financial Performance. Journal of Business Ethics, 82(2), 407-424. doi: 10.1007/s10551-008-9894-x
Wang, Q., Wu, C., & Sun, Y. (2015). Evaluating corporate social responsibility of airlines using entropy weight and grey relation analysis. Journal of Air Transport Management, 42, 55-62.
Wang, R.-T., Ho, C.-T., Feng, C.-M., & Yang, Y.-K. (2004). A comparative analysis of the operational performance of Taiwan's major airports. Journal of Air Transport Management, 10(5), 353-360. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jairtraman.2004.05.005
Xu, X. (2004). A note on the subjective and objective integrated approach to determine attribute weights. European Journal of
44 مطالعات مدیریت صنعتی – سال پانزدهم، شماره 44 ، بهار 69
Operational Research, 156(2), 530-532. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0377-2217(03)00146-2
Yin, M.-S. (2013). Fifteen years of grey system theory research: A historical review and bibliometric analysis. Expert Systems with Applications, 40(7), 2767-2775. doi:
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2012.11.002
Zeleny, M. (1982). Multiple criteria decision making: McGraw-Hill, New York.
Zhang, J., Wu, D., & Olson, D. L. (2005). The method of grey related analysis to multiple attribute decision making problems with interval numbers. Mathematical and Computer Modelling, 42(9–10), 991-998. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mcm.2005.03.
دارائی. محمدرضا، پارساعمل. الهه ) 5965 (، بررسی تااثیر فرهناگ ساازمانی بار مسائولیت
، اجتماعی در شارکت خودروساازی ساایپا، فصالنامه مادیریت دولتای ، ساال پانجم، شاماره 4
- . زمستان 65 ، صص 551 515
صنوبر. ناصر، حیدریان. بهنام ) 5965 (، شناسایی و اولویتبندی عوامل موثر بار مسائولیت -
، پذیری اجتماعی شرکتها در ایران، دوفصلنامه جامعاه شناسای اقتصاادی و توساعه ، شاماره 4
- . بهار و تابستان 5965 ، صص 36 45
صنوبر. ناصر، خلیلی. مجید، ثقفیان. حامد ) 5936 (، بررسی رابطاه ی باین مسائولیت پاذیری
اجتماعی با عملکرد مالی شرکتها، فصلنامه علمی پژوهشی کاوشهای مادیریت بازرگاانی ، -
- . سال دوم، شماره 4، پاییز و زمستان 5936 ، صص 15 53
عرب صالحی. مهادی، صا ادقی. غا زل، معاین الادین. محماود ) 5965 (، رابطاه ی مسائولیت
اجتماعی با عملکرد مالی شرکتهاای پذیرفتاه شاده در باورس اوراق بهاادار تهاران، فصالنامه
- . پژوهشهای تجربی حسابداری، سال سوم، شماره 6، پاییز 5965 ، صص 51 5
محمدی. علی، دستیار. هانیه ) 5965 (، ارزیابی کارایی شرکتهای داروساازی و رتباه بنادی
آنها با استفاده از رویکرد تحلیل پنجاره ای دادههاا، فصالنامه حساابداری سالامت ، ساال دوم،
- . شماره 9، پاییز 5965 ، صص 96 59
منصوری. علی، باقری. اعظام ) 5964 (، ارزیاابی عملکارد ماالی و رتباه بنادی شارکت هاای
دارویی پذیرفته شده در بورس اوراق بهادار تهران با استفاده از الگوی ترکیبای فرآیناد تحلیال
، سلسله مراتبی فازی و ویکور، فصلنامه حسابداری سلامت، سال چهارم، شماره 9، پااییز 5964
- . صص 514 39
Agle, B. R., Mitchell, R. K., & Sonnenfeld, J. A. (1999). Who Matters to Ceos? An Investigation of Stakeholder Attributes and Salience, Corpate Performance, and Ceo Values. Academy of Management Journal, 42(5), 507-525. doi: 10.2307/256973
Aguinis, H. (2011). Organizational responsibility: Doing good and doing well. In S. Zedeck (Ed.), APA handbook of industrial and
41 مطالعات مدیریت صنعتی – سال پانزدهم، شماره 44 ، بهار 69
organizational psychology (Vol. 3): 855-879. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
Aguinis, H., & Glavas, A. (2012). What we know and don’t know about corporate social responsibility a review and research agenda. Journal of Management, 38(4), 932-968.
Carroll, A. B. (1979). A Three-Dimensional Conceptual Model of Corporate Performance. Academy of management review, 4(4), 497-505. doi: 10.5465/amr.1979.4498296
Chang, T. C., & Lin, S. J. (1999). Grey relation analysis of carbon dioxide emissions from industrial production and energy uses in Taiwan. Journal of Environmental Management, 56(4), 247-257. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jema.1999.0288
Chen, Y.-R. R., & Hung-Baesecke, C.-J. F. (2014). Examining the Internal Aspect of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR): Leader Behavior and Employee CSR Participation. Communication Research Reports, 31(2), 210-220. doi: 10.1080/08824096.2014.907148
Choo, E. U., & Wedley, W. C. (1985). Optimal criterion weights in repetitive multicriteria decision-making. Journal of the Operational Research Society, 983-992.
Chung Wang, C., Lin, T. W., & Hu, S. S. (2007). Optimizing the rapid prototyping process by integrating the Taguchi method with the Gray relational analysis. Rapid Prototyping Journal, 13(5), 304-315. doi: doi:10.1108/13552540710824814
Clarkson, M. E. (1995). A Stakeholder Framework for Analyzing and Evaluating Corporate Social Performance. Academy of management review, 20(1), 92-117. doi: 10.5465/amr.1995.9503271994
Dahlsrud, A. (2008). How corporate social responsibility is defined: an analysis of 37 definitions. Corporate Social Responsibility and Environmental Management, 15(1), 1-13. doi: 10.1002/csr.132
Deng, H., Yeh, C.-H., & Willis, R. J. (2000). Inter-company comparison using modified TOPSIS with objective weights. Computers & Operations Research, 27(10), 963-973. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0305-0548(99)00069-6
Deng, J. L. (1982). Control problems of grey systems. Systems and Controls Letters, 5, 288-294.
Deng, J. L. (1989). Introduction to Grey system theory. J. Grey Syst., 1(1), 1-24.
کاربرد روشهای تحلیل رابطه خاکستری و آنتروپی در رتبهبندی ... 56
Freeman, R. E. (1984). Strategic Management: a Stakeholder Perspective: Pitman Publishing Inc, Boston.
Fu, H., Ye, B. H., & Law, R. (2014). You do well and I do well? The behavioral consequences of corporate social responsibility. International Journal of hospitality management, 40, 62-70.
Galbreath, J., & Shum, P. (2012). Do customer satisfaction and reputation mediate the CSR–FP link? Evidence from Australia. Australian Journal of Management, 37(2), 211-229. doi: 10.1177/0312896211432941
Guo, R.-K. (2005). Repairable system modeling via grey differential equations. Journal of Grey System, 8(1), 69-91.
Hartmann, P., & Apaolaza-Ibáñez, V. (2009). Green advertising revisited: Conditioning virtual nature experiences. International Journal of Advertising, 28(4), 715-739.
Himes, A. H. (2007). Performance Indicator Importance in MPA Management Using a Multi-Criteria Approach. Coastal Management, 35(5), 601-618. doi: 10.1080/08920750701593436
Hsu, L.-C., Ou, S.-L., & Ou, Y.-C. (2014). A Comprehensive performance evaluation and ranking methodology under a sustainable development perspective. Journal of Business Economics and Management, 16(1), 74-92. doi: 10.3846/16111699.2013.848228
Hwang, C. L., & Lin, M. J. (1987). Group Decision Making under Multiple Criteria: Methods and Applications: Springer, Berlin.
Hwang, C. L., & Yoon, K. (1981). Multiple Attribute Decision Making: Methods and Applications: Springer, Berlin.
Inoue, Y., & Lee, S. (2011). Effects of different dimensions of corporate social responsibility on corporate financial performance in tourism-related industries. Tourism Management, 32(4), 790-804. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2010.06.019
Jian, M., & Lee, K.-W. (2015). CEO compensation and corporate social responsibility. Journal of Multinational Financial Management, 29, 46-65.
Kacperczyk, A. (2009). With greater power comes greater responsibility? takeover protection and corporate attention to stakeholders. Strategic Management Journal, 30(3), 261-285. doi: 10.1002/smj.733
45 مطالعات مدیریت صنعتی – سال پانزدهم، شماره 44 ، بهار 69
Ko, E., Hwang, Y. K., & Kim, E. Y. (2013). Green marketing'functions in building corporate image in the retail setting. Journal of Business Research, 66(10), 1709-1715.
Kuo, Y., Yang, T., & Huang, G.-W. (2008). The use of grey relational analysis in solving multiple attribute decision-making problems. Computers & Industrial Engineering, 55(1), 80-93. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cie.2007.12.002
Lai, C.-S., Chiu, C.-J., Yang, C.-F., & Pai, D.-C. (2010). The effects of corporate social responsibility on brand performance: the mediating effect of industrial brand equity and corporate reputation. Journal of Business Ethics, 95(3), 457-469.
Lee, S., Seo, K., & Sharma, A. (2013). Corporate social responsibility and firm performance in the airline industry: The moderating role of oil prices. Tourism Management, 38(0), 20-30. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tourman.2013.02.002
Ma, J., Fan, Z.-P., & Huang, L.-H. (1999). A subjective and objective integrated approach to determine attribute weights. European Journal of Operational Research, 112(2), 397-404. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0377-2217(98)00141-6
Martínez, P., & del Bosque, I. R. (2013). CSR and customer loyalty: The roles of trust, customer identification with the company and satisfaction. International Journal of hospitality management, 35, 89-99.
Morán, J., Granada, E., Míguez, J. L., & Porteiro, J. (2006). Use of grey relational analysis to assess and optimize small biomass boilers. Fuel Processing Technology, 87(2), 123-127. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.fuproc.2005.08.008
Nam, K., & Yeo, J. (2007). A study on the co-orientation of the perception of corporate social responsibility: Centered on the employees and the consumers at the age of twenties and thirties. Journal of Consumer Studies, 18(3), 43-61.
Nejati, M., & Ghasemi, S. (2012). Corporate social responsibility in Iran from the perspective of employees. Social Responsibility Journal, 8(4), 578-588. doi: doi:10.1108/17471111211272552
Öberseder, M., Schlegelmilch, B. B., & Murphy, P. E. (2013). CSR practices and consumer perceptions. Journal of Business Research, 66(10), 1839-1851.
کاربرد روشهای تحلیل رابطه خاکستری و آنتروپی در رتبهبندی ... 55
Onkila, T. (2011). Multiple forms of stakeholder interaction in environmental management: business arguments regarding differences in stakeholder relationships. Business Strategy and the Environment, 20(6), 379-393.
Saeidi, S. P., Sofian, S., Saeidi, P., Saeidi, S. P., & Saaeidi, S. A. (2015). How does corporate social responsibility contribute to firm financial performance? The mediating role of competitive advantage, reputation, and customer satisfaction. Journal of Business Research, 68(2), 341-350. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2014.06.024
Shannon, C., & Weaver, W. (1947). The mathematical theory of communication: Urbana: The University of Illinios Press.
Sun, C. (2014). Combining grey relation analysis and entropy model for evaluating the operational performance: an empirical study. Quality & Quantity, 48(3), 1589-1600. doi: 10.1007/s11135-013-9854-0
Tung, C.-T., & Lee, Y.-J. (2009). A novel approach to construct grey principal component analysis evaluation model. Expert Systems with Applications, 36(3, Part 2), 5916-5920. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2008.07.007
Turker, D. (2009). Measuring Corporate Social Responsibility: A Scale Development Study. Journal of Business Ethics, 85(4), 411-427. doi: 10.1007/s10551-008-9780-6
Tzeng, G.-H., & Huang, J.-J. (2011). Multiple Attribute Decision Making: Methods and applications: Chapman and Hall/CRC, New York.
van Beurden, P., & Gössling, T. (2008). The Worth of Values – A Literature Review on the Relation Between Corporate Social and Financial Performance. Journal of Business Ethics, 82(2), 407-424. doi: 10.1007/s10551-008-9894-x
Wang, Q., Wu, C., & Sun, Y. (2015). Evaluating corporate social responsibility of airlines using entropy weight and grey relation analysis. Journal of Air Transport Management, 42, 55-62.
Wang, R.-T., Ho, C.-T., Feng, C.-M., & Yang, Y.-K. (2004). A comparative analysis of the operational performance of Taiwan's major airports. Journal of Air Transport Management, 10(5), 353-360. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jairtraman.2004.05.005
Xu, X. (2004). A note on the subjective and objective integrated approach to determine attribute weights. European Journal of
44 مطالعات مدیریت صنعتی – سال پانزدهم، شماره 44 ، بهار 69
Operational Research, 156(2), 530-532. doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0377-2217(03)00146-2
Yin, M.-S. (2013). Fifteen years of grey system theory research: A historical review and bibliometric analysis. Expert Systems with Applications, 40(7), 2767-2775. doi:
http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eswa.2012.11.002
Zeleny, M. (1982). Multiple criteria decision making: McGraw-Hill, New York.
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