Document Type : Research Paper
Authors
1 Professor, Department of Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran
2 MSc, Department of Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran
Abstract
The increasing volume of industrial waste and the environmental pressures caused by non-biodegradable products have highlighted the necessity of redesigning supply chains within the framework of a circular economy. Polyester carpets, as a high-consumption product with a short lifecycle, play a significant role in this challenge. This study presents a mixed-integer linear programming model for the design and optimization of a closed-loop supply chain in the Iranian polyester carpet industry. In the proposed model, forward and reverse flows are integrated across multiple levels, including raw material supply, production, distribution, collection of used products, refurbishment, and recycling. The objectives of the model are to minimize the total network costs and enhance environmental performance through the use of eco-friendly materials and clean technologies. To address the multi-objective nature of the problem, fuzzy programming and goal programming approaches are employed. The model is validated through a case study in the Iranian carpet industry using real-world data. The results show that the fuzzy programming approach provides much better environmental performance than other methods; so that the environmental index value in this method is equal to 259658, which shows a significant improvement compared to the value of 54437 of the goal programming method. However, this improvement is naturally accompanied by an increase in the total network costs. Overall, the proposed model creates a good trade off between the total network costs and environmental goals.
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